孫藝支

（女，2018级硕士，专业：汉语言文字学，研究方向：汉语史，导师：王志平）

　　摘要：二十世紀七十年代以來，隨著大批戰國簡帛材料的出土，使得簡帛文字研究的熱度不斷上漲。近幾年來大批戰國楚簡新材料的湧現，更是為古文字的研究提供了新的思路與視角。其中，包山楚簡的出土與研究，更是學界不可忽視的重要內容。包山楚簡發現至今已經有三十多年。在此期間，對於包山楚簡的研究，學界更多地將視野放在簡文內容、文字考釋等方面，而對於包山楚簡進行系統性的專書文字研究，為數尚少。

包山楚簡屬於戰國時期的先秦文獻，文字發展階段屬於商周甲骨金文之後，小篆隸書之前，字體屬於戰國時期的楚文字。楚國是戰國時期最大的國家，由於歷史和地域的原因，形成了一種具有獨特風格的文化，值得特別關注。

　　簡帛文獻中通假字、異體字、古今字、同源字等的數量相當龐大。弄清楚這些用字現象及其規律，對於進一步研究戰國文字，乃對於整個漢語史研究來講，都具有深刻的意義。

　　字際之間的對應關係，一直以來都是文字學研究中的重要內容。本文將以包山楚簡中的文字材料作為主要研究對象，从專書用字的角度，對包山楚簡中文字的用字現象進行系統的整理和研究，以分析其用字規律。

　　本文擬以五個部分組成。第一章緒論，對包山楚簡的國內外研究現狀進行闡述，並對本文的研究宗旨、研究方法和研究情況進行介紹；第二章對包山楚簡中的通假字進行研究；第三章對包山楚簡中的異體字現象進行闡述；第四章對包山楚簡中的其他用字現象進行概述；第五章為結語，對整篇文章的內容進行系統總結。

　　关键词：包山楚简；用字研究；通假字；異體字

ABSTRACT

　　Since the 1970s, through the unearth of a large number of materials on bamboo slips and silks during the Warring States period, the research on the study of the Chinese characters on bamboo and silk has continued to grow. The emergence of a large number of new materials in recent years has provided new ideas and perspectives for the study of the Warring States characters. Among them, the excavation and research of The Baoshan Chu Slips is an important content that cannot be ignored in academic. It has been 30 years since The Baoshan Chu Slips was discovered. During this period, for the study of The Baoshan Chu Slips, the academic paid more attention to the content of the script, textual research and interpretation, but for the characters of The Baoshan Chu Slips for systematic text research, the content was still limited.

　　The Baoshan Chu Slips belonged to the pre-Qin documents of the Warring States Period. The writing stage belonged to the Shang and Zhou Oracle and Bone Inscriptions and before the Xiaozhuan script, and the writings belonged to the Chu writings of the Warring States Period. The Kingdom of Chu was the largest country in the Warring States Period, and due to historical and regional reasons, a culture with a unique style has been formed since the Spring and Autumn Period. There are quite a large number of interchangeable characters, variant characters, ancient and modern characters, and homologous characters in the bamboo and silk literature. To clarify these phenomena and rules of using characters is very significant for the further study of the characters of the Warring States Period, and even for the study of the entire Chinese history.

　　Correspondence between characters has always been an important content in the study of philology. Mr. Huang Dekuan believes that from the perspective of the use of words in the word relationship, is the inter-character relationship. Mr. Qiu Xigui also discussed the controversial issues in philology such as phonics, variants, homographs, differentiation and merging of characters, and discussed the complex use of characters in philology. However, it takes a lot of time to conduct a systematic study of the text of the special book on the unearthed documents. In the early stage, long-term material collection and basic sorting are required, so most of this research is concentrated in the master and doctoral thesis. This paper will take the characters in The Baoshan Chu Slips as the main research material. From the perspective of the use of characters in the special book, this paper will systematically study and sort out the use of characters in The Baoshan Chu Slips to analyze the rule of using characters.

　　The full text of this paper is planned to be composed of five parts. The first chapter is the introduction, which will explain the current research status of The Baoshan Chu Slips at home and abroad, and introduce the conception, research methods, research scope, research significance, and main content of the study; the second chapter will elaborate on the research on the interchangeable characters phenomenon in the characters used in The Baoshan Chu Slips; the third chapter explains the phenomenon of its variant characters; the forth chapter is an overview of the other words using in The Baoshan Chu Slips;the fifth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the content of the whole article, and puts forward the research deficiencies. Due to the limited space, this paper mainly focuses on the perspective of the use of characters in the discussion of interchangeable characters and variant characters.

　　KEY WORDS: The Baoshan Chu Slips；the study on the using of words of The Baoshan Chu Slips；interchangeable characters；variant characters.